The_Breeze wrote on Nov 19
th, 2002 at 8:30pm:
As if someones background, ethics and history would never have a bearing on what they espouse currently.
Breeze,
You'll note that no one has claimed the above -- someone's background may indeed have a bearing on what they espouse. You have simply failed to show how George's background has anything to do with his arguments here. That's called
argumentum ad hominem.
For your reading enjoyment, here is the definition of
argumentum ad hominem from Stephen's Guide to the Logical Fallacies:
http://www.datanation.com/fallacies/attack.htm Attacking the Person
(argumentum ad hominem) Definition:
The person presenting an argument is attacked instead of the
argument itself. This takes many forms. For example, the
person's character, nationality or religion may be attacked.
Alternatively, it may be pointed out that a person stands to
gain from a favourable outcome. Or, finally, a person may be
attacked by association, or by the company he keeps.
There are three major forms of Attacking the Person:
(1) ad hominem (abusive): instead of attacking an assertion,
the argument attacks the person who made the assertion.
(2) ad hominem (circumstantial): instead of attacking an
assertion the author points to the relationship between the
person making the assertion and the person's circumstances.
(3) ad hominem (tu quoque): this form of attack on the
person notes that a person does not practise what he
preaches.
Examples:
(i) You may argue that God doesn't exist, but you are just
following a fad. (ad hominem abusive)
(ii) We should discount what Premier Klein says about
taxation because he won't be hurt by the increase. (ad
hominem circumstantial)
(iii) We should disregard Share B.C.'s argument because they
are being funded by the logging industry. (ad hominem
circumstantial)
(iv) You say I shouldn't drink, but you haven't been sober for
more than a year. (ad hominem tu quoque)
Proof:
Identify the attack and show that the character or
circumstances of the person has nothing to do with the truth
or falsity of the proposition being defended.
References:
Barker: 166, Cedarblom and Paulsen: 155, Copi and Cohen: 97, Davis: 80
George didn't come up with the idea that the polygraph is flawed and easily beaten, nor is he remotely alone in his claim that he was wrongly tagged as deceptive. Indeed, the National Academy of Sciences said just this in their recent report. Thus,
your assertion that his character in any way influences his message is completely bogus and ad hominem on its face.
And since you said people here claim background never has anything to do with the positions they espouse, let me add the following:
http://www.datanation.com/fallacies/straw.htm Straw Man Definition:
The author attacks an argument which is different from, and
usually weaker than, the opposition's best argument.
Examples:
(i) People who opposed the Charlottown Accord probably just
wanted Quebec to separate. But we want Quebec to stay in
Canada.
(ii) We should have conscription. People don't want to enter
the military because they find it an inconvenience. But they
should realize that there are more important things than
convenience.
Proof:
Show that the opposition's argument has been
misrepresented by showing that the opposition has a stronger
argument. Describe the stronger argument.
References
Cedarblom and Paulsen: 138